Things You Should Know About Psoriasis
Heather Colman
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease affecting the skin and
joints. When it affects the skin it commonly appears as red
scaly elevated patches called plaques. Psoriasis plaques
frequently occur on the elbows and knees, but can affect any
area of skin including the scalp and genital area. Psoriasis
can vary in severity, from minor localized patches to extensive
or even complete skin coverage. Fingernails and toenails are
often affected. This is called psoriatic nail dystrophy.
Psoriasis can also cause inflammation of the joints. This is
known as psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis can affect
any joint but is most common in the joints of the fingers and
toes. This can result in a sausage-shaped swelling of the
fingers and toes known as dactylitis. Psoriatic arthritis can
also affect the hips, knees and spine. This is known as
spondylitis.
Psoriasis affects both sexes equally, occurs at all ages and is
prevalent in 2-3% of the Western populations.
Several factors are thought to aggravate psoriasis. These
include stress and excessive alcohol consumption. Individuals
with psoriasis may also suffer from depression and loss of
self-esteem. As such, quality of life is an important factor in
evaluating the severity of the disease. There are many
treatments available but because of its chronic recurrent
nature psoriasis is a challenge to treat.
Psoriasis is driven by the immune system, especially involving
a type of white blood cell called a T cell. Normally, T cells
help protect the body against infection and disease. T cells
help create scabs over wounds. In the case of psoriasis, T
cells are put into action by mistake and become so active that
they trigger other immune responses, which lead to inflammation
and to rapid turnover of skin cells. Epidermal cells then build
up on the surface of the skin, forming itchy patches or
plaques.
Specialist dermatologists generally treat psoriasis in steps
based on the severity of the disease, size of the areas
involved, type of psoriasis, and the patient's response to
initial treatments. This is sometimes called the "1-2-3"
approach. In step 1, medicines are applied to the skin (topical
treatment). Step 2 uses ultraviolet light treatments
(phototherapy). Step 3 involves taking medicines by mouth or
injection that treat the whole immune system (called systemic
therapy).
Over time, affected skin can become resistant to treatment,
especially when topical corticosteroids are used. Also, a
treatment that works very well in one person may have little
effect in another. Thus, doctors often use a trial-and-error
approach to find a treatment that works, and they may switch
treatments periodically (for example, every 12 to 24 months) if
a treatment does not work or if adverse reactions occur.
In conclusion, Psoriasis is a chronic condition. There is
currently no cure. People often experience flares and
remissions throughout their life. Controlling the signs and
symptoms typically requires lifelong therapy.
Disclaimer - The information presented here should not be
interpreted as medical advice. If you or someone you know
suffers from Psoriasis, please consult your physician for the
latest treatment options.
About The Author: Copyright © 2006, Heather Colman. Find more
psoriasis resources at:
http://www.psoriasis-notes.info
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